Patching in Oracle Databases using Opatch Utility
- OPatch is an Oracle-supplied utility that assists you with the process of applying interim patches to Oracle's software and rolling back interim patches from Oracle's software.
- Patches are a small collection of files copied over to an existing installation and associated with particular versions of Oracle products.
- Interim patches are bug fixes available to customers in response to specific bugs and They require a particular base release or patchset to be installed before you can apply them, generally address specific bugs for a particular customer.
- OPatch also supports silent operation. This mode allows you to run the software without any user interaction.
- OPatch has various levels of logging and tracing mechanisms. It also has a debug option that helps to easily diagnose software problems.
OPatch supports the following tasks
1- Applying an interim patch.
2- Rolling back the application of an interim patch.
3- Detecting a conflict when applying an interim patch after previous interim patches have been applied. It also suggests the best options to resolve a conflict.
4- Reporting on installed products and interim patches.
OPatch uses the following environment variables
ORACLE_HOME — Oracle home location.
export ORACLE_HOME=/u04/oracle/product/database/12102
PATH — Path information.
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH
Required:
Oracle Home must to set to valid location
Java commands for Windows, and ar, cp, fuser, and make commands for UNIX must be made available
Prerequisite Checks for OPatch
1- Check ORACLE_HOME and Environment Variable
2- Check for JRE
3- Check for Oracle Universal Installer and OPatch Version Compatibility
4- Check for OPatch Lsinventory : OPatch lsinventory -detail
Note: It is highly recommended before applying the patch , database must be down and back up the ORACLE_HOME before any patch operation
[oracle@dgprim2 ~]$ opatch lsinventory
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.13
Copyright (c) 2019, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Oracle Home : /u04/oracle/product/database/12102
Central Inventory : /u03/app/oracle/oraInventory
from : /u04/oracle/product/database/12102/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.13
OUI version : 12.1.0.2.0
Log file location : /u04/oracle/product/database/12102/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2019-04-02_11-47-29AM_1.log
Lsinventory Output file location : /u04/oracle/product/database/12102/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2019-04-02_11-47-29AM.txt
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Machine Information::
Hostname: dgprim2.transappdata.com
ARU platform id: 226
ARU platform description:: Linux x86-64
Installed Top-level Products (1):
Oracle Database 12c 12.1.0.2.0
There are 1 products installed in this Oracle Home.
There are no Interim patches installed in this Oracle Home.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPatch succeeded.
Location of Opatch Utility: $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
syntax: opatch [-help] [command] [-option]
help — Displays the help message for the command.
$ opatch -help
Apply Command for OUI-based Oracle Homes
opatch napply Command for OUI-based Oracle Homes
opatch napply <patch_location>
opatch napply <patch_location> -id 1,2,3
opatch napply <patch_location> -skip_subset -skip_duplicate
opatch napply <patch_location> -id 1,2,3 -skip_subset -skip_duplicate
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